Nari Shakti Vandana Adhiniyam Is The 128th Constitution Amendment Act

About Nari Shakti Vandana Adhiniyan Bill 2023:

Nari Shakti Vandana Adhiniyam [Credit-Study IQ]

Awaiting for a long time, the Women's Reservation Bill has been passed by the Parliament of India on 23 September 2023. This bill is named the "Nari Shakti Vandana Adhininym" bill. We will discuss the current amendment, its historical background, and the proportions of women in legislatures at the world level in this article.

The Women's Reservation Bill got the support of almost all political parties. It gained 454 votes in favor a mere 2 votes in opposition in the Lok Sabha and a unanimous support in the Rajya Sabha. Under Article 330, a new subclause is added and reads as ‘330 a’ for the provision of women reservation in the Parliament and State Legislatures. 

Nari Shakti Vandana Adhiniyam [Credit-The Hindu]

Now more than 50% of states need to rectify it. As per the Constitution Amendment [Article-368] Act, if a Parliament law affects the states directly, it needs rectification by more than 50% of states to implement it. It seems easy to rectify the bill because almost all parties favor the bill in parliament that leads the States’ Governments.

Provisions of The Nari Shakti Vandana Adhiniyam: 

1). As per the amendment, women would have a reservation of 33% seats in directly elected bodies of Parliament and State Legislatures. 

2). The act will be implemented after the Delimitation Process that is scheduled to occur in 2026. 

3). As per the other clause, the first census after passing out the law would be the base for reservation.

Nari Shakti Vandana Adhiniyam [Credit-NEWS 18]

4). The reservation will be applied for 15 years for the first time and will gradually increase as per the will of Parliament.

5). The amendment also has a provision for the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes women would be benefited. 

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History of the current women's reservation bill:

On the very first day of the Constituent Assembly of India on 9 December 1946, Smt. Srojini Naidu was the only woman sitting in the Constitution Hall. The first time, the women's reservation bill was introduced in the Lok Sabha by Sh. H.D. Devegoda's government in 1996.

History of Women's Reservation Bill [Credit-The Law]

It was reintroduced in 1997, 1998, and 2008 again but could not succeed. The bill lapsed due to the dissolution of the Lok Sabha and in the absence of consensus among political parties.

As Prime Minister Sh. Narender Modi said, “ He had been chosen by God for the noble task of giving rights to women.”

Women's Reservation status at the world level:

There are many countries in the world which considered less developed but provide a higher proportion of women representatives in their respective legislatures. Countries like Nepal, Mexico, South Africa, etc. have more women candidates in their Parliaments than India.

S. No.	Country	Data [%]
1	Rwanda	61.3
2	South Africa	42.7
3	Mexico	48.2
4	Nepal	32.7
5	…….	…..

We could see different methods of more women representation than direct election in legislatures. Some countries provide quotas at the political party level while some countries have multiple constituent seats to adjust women's representation. The above link will provide full details.

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